How do you read a cardiac axis on an ECG?

The most efficient way to estimate axis is to look at LEAD I and LEAD aVF. A positive QRS in Lead I puts the axis in roughly the same direction as lead I. A positive QRS in Lead aVF similarly aligns the axis with lead aVF. Combining both coloured areas – the quadrant of overlap determines the axis.

How do you read the Axis?

Locate the graph element you want information on. So you’d read across the graph’s horizontal axis until you find “August.” Time elements, such as days, weeks, months or years, are almost always listed along the horizontal (“x”) axis. Quantity measurements are almost always listed along the vertical (“y”) axis.

What is normal EKG axis?

Electrocardiographic axis. Normal axis is between -30º and 90º; left axis deviation (LAD) is between -30º and – 90º; right axis deviation (RAD) is between 90º and 180º; extreme axis deviation (EAD) (left or right) is between -90º and -180º.

What is a good R axis?

If the electrical axis falls between the values of -30° to +90° this is considered normal. If the electrical axis is between -30° to -90° this is considered left axis deviation. If the electrical axis is between +90° to +180° this is considered right axis deviation (RAD).

How do you read left axis deviation on ECG?

See the ECG basics section on determining axis for details. If the QRS is upright in lead I and downward (negative) in lead aVF, then the axis is between 0 and -90 degrees, likely left axis deviation.

What is abnormal right axis deviation?

Right axis deviation occurs when the QRS axis is shifted between 90 and 180 degrees. A number of things can result in right axis deviation which include lung disease, right sided heart strain, right bundle branch block, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

What is normal left axis deviation?

Left axis deviation (LAD) is the most common “abnormality” in adults, occurring in over 8% of patients. It can be part of the criteria for LVH, but in isolation it has little significance. Marked LAD (45% or more) is calledleft anterior hemiblock orleft anterior fascicular block.

What is abnormal left axis deviation?

Left axis deviation occurs when the QRS axis falls between -30 and -90. There are a variety of causes, including left anterior fascicular block and left ventricular hypertrophy. See the ECG basics section on determining axis for details.

What is an abnormal T axis?

The axis of the T-wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a marker of ventricular repolarization that, when deviated from normal by more than 60 degrees in either direction in the frontal plane, has been strongly associated with an increased risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiac events in older adults (1) as well as all- …

Why is cardiac axis important?

Whenever the direction of electrical activity is away from a lead you get a negative deflection in that lead. Cardiac axis gives us an idea of the overall direction of electrical activity.

How do you read a right axis deviation?

If the QRS is predominantly negative in lead I and positive in lead aVF, then the axis is rightward (right axis deviation).

Is left axis deviation a concern?

Should I worry about abnormal T-wave?

Abnormalities of the T wave are associated with a broad differential diagnosis and can be associated with life-threatening disease or provide clues to an otherwise obscure illness.

What does abnormal QRS T angle mean?

An abnormal spatial QRS-T angle was associated with a higher risk of death from all causes [hazard ratio (HR) 2.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46-3.70] and especially a higher risk of sudden cardiac death (HR 2.99; 95% CI 1.04-8.60).