What genes does p53 target?

Taken together, p21 is sufficient to induce cell cycle arrest. The p53 target genes BTG236, 154, 155 and GADD45A13, 156 can also induce G1/S and G2/M cell cycle arrest, respectively. SFN (14-3-3 sigma) encodes for a protein that removes cell cycle proteins from the nucleus and is also required for the G2/M arrest.

What are the technologies needed to identify p53 downstream proteins?

The most common technique used to identify p53 binding is chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by end point PCR (ChIP-epPCR), which was applied 208 times.

How does p53 protect the genome?

By stopping cells with mutated or damaged DNA from dividing, p53 helps prevent the development of tumors. Because p53 is essential for regulating DNA repair and cell division, it has been nicknamed the “guardian of the genome.”

What happens if p53 is mutated?

In most cases, the p53 gene is mutated, giving rise to a stable mutant protein whose accumulation is regarded as a hallmark of cancer cells. Mutant p53 proteins not only lose their tumor suppressive activities but often gain additional oncogenic functions that endow cells with growth and survival advantages.

Can p53 be synthesized into a drug to target cancer?

When p53 is turned off in tumors, they can grow unchecked. But targeting p53 with drugs is difficult, because restoring its activity is much harder than inhibiting its activity or turning off its production—more typical drug strategies against misbehaving proteins.

What does p53 stand for?

p53, also known as TP53 or tumor protein (EC :2.7. 1.37) is a gene that codes for a protein that regulates the cell cycle and hence functions as a tumor suppression. It is very important for cells in multicellular organisms to suppress cancer.

What happens if the p53 gene mutates?

– Ambry’s Hereditary Cancer Site for Families patients. ambrygen.com/cancer – FORCE facingourrisk.org – Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Association lfsassociation.org – Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) ginahelp.org – National Society of Genetic Counselors nsgc.org – Canadian Association of Genetic Counsellors cagc-accg.ca